Cocker Spaniel

The Cocker Spaniel developed from the British spaniel tradition but eventually became especially shaped by breeders in the United States. Historically, "cocker" referred to small sporting spaniels used to hunt Eurasian woodcock. Before strict breed standards existed, Cocker and Springer Spaniels were differentiated largely by size and function, and both types could even occur in the same litter. The English Cocker Spaniel gradually became a recognized breed, but American breeders began favouring a somewhat different dog with a shorter muzzle, more rounded head, and heavier coat. By the early 20th century, the differences between American and English breeding programs were increasingly obvious. In 1946, the American Kennel Club formally recognized the English Cocker Spaniel as separate, leaving the name Cocker Spaniel in the United States for the American type. The American Cocker became enormously popular as a family and show dog, especially during the mid-20th century. A Cocker named My Own Brucie won Best in Show at Westminster in both 1940 and 1941 and helped fuel the breed's popularity. Although now primarily a companion, the Cocker's sporting ancestry remains visible in its enthusiasm and retrieving instincts.