Chow Chow

The Chow Chow is one of China's old native dog breeds, with dogs of similar spitz-like appearance depicted in Chinese art dating back many centuries. Its exact ancestry cannot be reconstructed from ancient records, but the breed developed in northern China and filled a variety of practical roles. Chow-type dogs were used for guarding, hunting, and pulling loads, while their dense double coats provided protection in cold conditions. The breed was historically known by several names in China rather than the modern Western name Chow Chow. That name appears to have developed through British trading terminology used for miscellaneous goods arriving from East Asia. Chows began reaching Britain in greater numbers during the 19th century, and Queen Victoria's interest in one helped attract public attention. Organized breeding and dog shows then established the distinctive modern type, with its broad head, heavy coat, straight rear legs, and unusual blue-black tongue. The Chow later became popular in the United States as well. Although its lion-like appearance can make it look decorative, its reserved temperament and strong independence are consistent with a breed that spent much of its history performing practical work rather than simply serving as a lapdog.